@misc{zhao2025llms,
  title={LLMs Encode Harmfulness and Refusal Separately},
  author={Jiachen Zhao and Jing Huang and Zhengxuan Wu and David Bau and Weiyan Shi},
  year={2025},
  eprint={2507.11878},
  archivePrefix={arXiv},
  primaryClass={cs.CL},
  url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.11878}
}