# Size - Stellar Mass Relation and Morphology of Quiescent Galaxies at $z\geq3$ in Public $JWST$ Fields

**Authors:** Kei Ito, Francesco Valentino, Gabriel Brammer, Andreas L. Faisst, Steven Gillman, Carlos Gomez-Guijarro, Katriona M. L. Gould, Kasper E. Heintz, Olivier Ilbert, Christian Kragh Jespersen, Vasily Kokorev, Mariko Kubo, Georgios E. Magdis, Conor McPartland, Masato Onodera, Francesca Rizzo, Masayuki Tanaka, Sune Toft, Aswin P. Vijayan, John R. Weaver  
**arXiv:** [2307.06994](https://arxiv.org/abs/2307.06994)  
**Date:** 2023-07-13  
**Summary page:** https://www.summarizepaper.com/en/paper/2307.06994v1/

## Abstract

We present the results of a systematic study of the rest-frame optical morphology of quiescent galaxies at $z \geq 3$ using the Near-Infrared Camera (NIRCam) onboard $JWST$. Based on a sample selected by $UVJ$ color or $NUVUVJ$ color, we focus on 26 quiescent galaxies with $9.8<\log{(M_\star/M_\odot)}<11.4$ at $2.8<z_{\rm phot}<4.6$ with publicly available $JWST$ data. Their sizes are constrained by fitting the S\'ersic profile to all available NIRCam images. We see a negative correlation between the observed wavelength and the size in our sample and derive their size at the rest-frame $0.5\, {\rm \mu m}$ taking into account this trend. Our quiescent galaxies show a significant correlation between the rest-frame $0.5\, {\rm \mu m}$ size and the stellar mass at $z\geq3$. The analytical fit for them at $\log{(M_\star/M_\odot)}>10.3$ implies that our size - stellar mass relations are below those at lower redshifts, with the amplitude of $\sim0.6\, {\rm kpc}$ at $M_\star = 5\times 10^{10}\, M_\odot$. This value agrees with the extrapolation from the size evolution of quiescent galaxies at $z<3$ in the literature, implying that the size of quiescent galaxies increases monotonically from $z\sim3-5$. Our sample is mainly composed of galaxies with bulge-like structures according to their median S\'ersic index and axis ratio of $n\sim3-4$ and $q\sim0.6-0.8$, respectively. On the other hand, there is a trend of increasing fraction of galaxies with low S\'ersic index, suggesting $3<z<5$ might be the epoch of onset of morphological transformation with a fraction of very notable disky quenched galaxies.