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Globular cluster formation efficiencies from black-hole X-ray binary feedback

Stephen Justham, Eric W. Peng, Kevin Schawinski

The Astrophysical Journal Letters (2015), Volume 809, Issue 1, article id. L16
arXiv: 1508.06046v1 - DOI (astro-ph.GA)
Accepted to ApJ Letters on 19th July. 6 pages. The definitive version is available from: http://iopscience.iop.org/2041-8205/809/1/L16/

Abstract: We investigate a scenario in which feedback from black-hole X-ray binaries (BHXBs) sometimes begins inside young star clusters before strong supernova feedback. Those BHXBs could reduce the gas fraction inside embedded young clusters whilst maintaining virial equilibrium, which may help globular clusters (GCs) to stay bound when supernova-driven gas ejection subsequently occurs. Adopting a simple toy model with parameters guided by BHXB population models, we produce GC formation efficiencies consistent with empirically-inferred values. The metallicity dependence of BHXB formation could naturally explain why GC formation efficiency is higher at lower metallicity. For reasonable assumptions about that metallicity dependence, our toy model can produce a GC metallicity bimodality in some galaxies without a bimodality in the field-star metallicity distribution.

Submitted to arXiv on 25 Aug. 2015