Gaia EDR3 proper motions, energies, angular momenta of Milky Way dwarf galaxies: a recent infall to the Milky Way halo
Authors: Yang Y. (Observatoire de Paris, Paris Sciences et Lettres, CNRS France), Hammer F. (Observatoire de Paris, Paris Sciences et Lettres, CNRS France), Li H. (School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China), Pawlowski M. S. (Leibniz-Institut fuer Astrophysik Potsdam, Germany), Wang J. L. (CAS Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy, National Astronomical Observatories, Beijing 100101, China), Babusiaux C. (Université de Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, F-38000 Grenoble, France), Mamon G. A. (Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris, CNRS, France), Bonifacio P. (Observatoire de Paris, Paris Sciences et Lettres, CNRS France), Jiao Y. (Observatoire de Paris, Paris Sciences et Lettres, CNRS France), Wang H. (Centro Ricerche Enrico Fermi, Roma, Italy)
Abstract: Gaia EDR3 has provided proper motions of Milky Way (MW) dwarf galaxies with an unprecedented accuracy, which allows us to investigate their orbital properties. We found that the total energy and angular momentum of MW dwarf galaxies are much larger than that of MW K-giant stars, Sagittarius stream stars and globular clusters. It suggests that many MW dwarf galaxies have had a recent infall into the MW halo. We confirmed that MW dwarf galaxies lie near their pericenters, which suggests that they do not behave like satellite systems derived from Lambda-Cold-Dark-Matter cosmological simulations. These new results require revisiting the origin of MW dwarf galaxies, e.g., if they came recently, they were likely to have experienced gas removal due to the ram pressure induced by MW's hot gas, and to be affected by MW tides. We will discuss the consequences of these processes on their mass estimation.
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