Lepto-Hadronic Scenarios for TeV Extensions of Gamma-Ray Burst Afterglow Spectra

Authors: Marc Klinger (Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Zeuthen, Germany), Chengchao Yuan (Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Zeuthen, Germany), Andrew M. Taylor (Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Zeuthen, Germany), Walter Winter (Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Zeuthen, Germany)

arXiv: 2403.13902v1 - DOI (astro-ph.HE)

Abstract: Recent multi-wavelength observations of gamma-ray burst afterglows observed in the TeV energy range challenge the simplest Synchrotron Self-Compton (SSC) interpretation of this emission, and are consistent with a single power-law component spanning over eight orders of magnitude in energy. To interpret this generic behaviour in the single-zone approximation without adding further free parameters, we perform an exhaustive parameter space study using the public, time-dependent, multi-messenger transport software AM3. This description accounts for the radiation from non-thermal protons and the lepto-hadronic cascade induced by pp- and p{\gamma}-interactions. We summarise the main scenarios which we have found (SSC, Extended-syn, Proton-syn, pp-cascade, and p{\gamma}-cascade), and discuss their advantages and limitations. We find that possible high-density environments, as may be typical for surrounding molecular cloud material, offer an alternative explanation for producing flat hard (source) spectra up to and beyond energies of 10 TeV.

Submitted to arXiv on 20 Mar. 2024

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