The Lyman Continuum Escape Fraction of Star-forming Galaxies at $2.4\lesssim z\lesssim3.7$ from UVCANDELS
Auteurs : Xin Wang, Harry I. Teplitz, Brent M. Smith, Rogier A. Windhorst, Marc Rafelski, Vihang Mehta, Anahita Alavi, Gabriel Brammer, James Colbert, Norman Grogin, Nimish P. Hathi, Anton M. Koekemoer, Laura Prichard, Claudia Scarlata, Ben Sunnquist, Pablo Arrabal Haro, Christopher Conselice, Eric Gawiser, Yicheng Guo, Matthew Hayes, Rolf A. Jansen, Zhiyuan Ji, Ray A. Lucas, Robert O'Connell, Brant Robertson, Michael Rutkowski, Brian Siana, Eros Vanzella, Teresa Ashcraft, Micaela Bagley, Ivano Baronchelli, Guillermo Barro, Alex Blanche, Adam Broussard, Timothy Carleton, Nima Chartab, Yingjie Cheng, Alex Codoreanu, Seth Cohen, Y. Sophia Dai, Behnam Darvish, Romeel Dave, Laura DeGroot, Duilia De Mello, Mark Dickinson, Najmeh Emami, Henry Ferguson, Leonardo Ferreira, Keely Finkelstein, Steven Finkelstein, Jonathan P. Gardner, Timothy Gburek, Mauro Giavalisco, Andrea Grazian, Caryl Gronwall, Shoubaneh Hemmati, Justin Howell, Kartheik Iyer, Sugata Kaviraj, Peter Kurczynski, Ilin Lazar, John MacKenty, Kameswara Bharadwaj Mantha, Alec Martin, Garreth Martin, Tyler McCabe, Bahram Mobasher, Kalina Nedkova, Charlotte Olsen, Lillian Otteson, Swara Ravindranath, Caleb Redshaw, Zahra Sattari, Emmaris Soto, L. Y. Aaron Yung, Bonnabelle Zabelle, the UVCANDELS team
Résumé : The UltraViolet Imaging of the Cosmic Assembly Near-infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey Fields (UVCANDELS) survey is a Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Cycle-26 Treasury Program, allocated in total 164 orbits of primary Wide-Field Camera 3 Ultraviolet and Visible light F275W imaging with coordinated parallel Advanced Camera for Surveys F435W imaging, on four of the five premier extragalactic survey fields: GOODS-N, GOODS-S, EGS, and COSMOS. We introduce this survey by presenting a thorough search for galaxies at $z\gtrsim2.4$ that leak significant Lyman continuum (LyC) radiation, as well as a stringent constraint on the LyC escape fraction ($f_{\rm esc}$) from stacking the UV images of a population of star-forming galaxies with secure redshifts. Our extensive search for LyC emission and stacking analysis benefit from the catalogs of high-quality spectroscopic redshifts compiled from archival ground-based data and HST slitless spectroscopy, carefully vetted by dedicated visual inspection efforts. We report a sample of five galaxies as individual LyC leaker candidates, showing $f_{\rm esc}^{\rm rel}\gtrsim60\%$ estimated using detailed Monte Carlo analysis of intergalactic medium attenuation. We develop a robust stacking method to apply to five samples of in total 85 non-detection galaxies in the redshift range of $z\in[2.4,3.7]$. Most stacks give tight 2-$\sigma$ upper limits below $f_{\rm esc}^{\rm rel}<6\%$. A stack for a subset of 32 emission-line galaxies shows tentative LyC leakage detected at 2.9-$\sigma$, indicating $f_{\rm esc}^{\rm rel}=5.7\%$ at $z\sim2.65$, supporting the key role of such galaxies in contributing to the cosmic reionization and maintaining the UV ionization background. These new F275W and F435W imaging mosaics from UVCANDELS have been made publicly available on the Barbara A. Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes.
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