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Abstract: Nowadays, artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming a powerful tool to process huge volumes of data generated in scientific research and extract enlightening insights to drive further explorations. The recent trend of human-in-loop AI has promoted the paradigm shift in scientific research by enabling the interactive collaboration between AI models and human experts. Inspired by these advancements, this chapter explores the transformative role of AI in accelerating scientific discovery across various disciplines such as mathematics, physics, chemistry, and life sciences. It provides a comprehensive overview of how AI is reshaping the scientific research – enabling more efficient data analysis, enhancing predictive modeling, and automating experimental processes. Through the examination of case studies and recent developments, this chapter underscores AI’s potential to revolutionize scientific discovery, providing insights into current applications and future directions. It also addresses the ethical challenges associated with AI in science. Through this comprehensive analysis, the chapter aims to provide a nuanced understanding of how AI is facilitating scientific discovery and its potential to accelerate innovations while maintaining rigorous ethical standards.