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Résumé : This chapter describes the main types of quantum cryptography, including random number generators (RNGs), hashes, key distribution, and digital signatures. American Charles Bennett and Canadian Gilles Brassard are considered two of the fathers of quantum cryptography. Quantum-based RNGs (QRNGs) are created in various ways and use different quantum materials and mechanisms to generate truly random numbers. All quantum devices using entanglement, including QRNGs, should always be tested to make sure they pass Bell's tests. Quantum-based hashes can take either traditional binary inputs or quantum inputs and return a hash based on quantum states. A quantum-based digital signature requires a quantum hash, a quantum-based asymmetric key pair, and a quantum-based digital signature algorithm, all represented by quantum properties. Just like in the traditional binary world, quantum encryption ciphers can be symmetric or asymmetric. In theory, quantum key distribution systems are resistant to eavesdropping because of the quantum physics observer effect and no-cloning theorems.