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Résumé : Black holes, as described within the framework of effective field theory, radiate particles in thermal spectra, with temperatures proportional to the surface gravities on the event horizons. If a black hole forms from collapsing matter in a pure state, Hawking’s calculation suggests that the resulting radiation is in a mixed state by the end of the evaporation process, violating the unitarity of quantum mechanics. This contradiction led to a long-standing puzzle regarding information conservation in black holes. After the discovery of the AdS/CFT correspondence, it became more accepted that black hole dynamics should be unitary, even though concrete calculations were still lacking. Recent breakthroughs, particularly computations of radiation entropy using quantum extremal surfaces, have successfully demonstrated the conservation of von Neumann entropy during black hole evaporation, while quantum information theory has enabled the development of protocols for decoding information from Hawking radiation. However, challenges persist in understanding the precise mechanisms by which information from infalling matter becomes encoded in radiation and how external observers might retrieve it. Nevertheless, recent advances suggest these questions are becoming increasingly tractable, offering valuable insights into the conditions and processes that enable information recovery from black hole radiation.