Managing Word-of-Mouth through Capacity Allocation and Advertisement
Authors: Asya Dipkaya, Sakine Batun, Bahar Çavdar
AI-generated Key Points
- The rise of the service sector and online platforms has led to an increase in information exchange between customers through electronic word-of-mouth (WoM).
- WoM communication has been shown to be a dominant factor in customers' purchase decisions, creating an endogenous demand structure.
- Service providers must monitor how their services are perceived by consumers through surveys and other methods to stay competitive.
- Integrating this endogenous demand into operational decisions can offer significant benefits.
- In the paper titled "Managing Word-of-Mouth through Capacity Allocation and Advertisement," authors study a service system where customers are sensitive to on-demand access to the service.
- Depending on the type of service environment, capacity can be flexible or constant.
- Two types of service providers are considered: aware firms that have complete information on endogenous demand structure and naive firms that have partial information.
- Optimal advertisement and capacity decisions and the value of information on underlying demand are studied.
- For firms with flexible service capacity, aggressive advertisement strategies in early stages are optimal as they can maximize profits while maintaining high quality services that meet customer expectations.
- Naive firms often misinterpret market conditions and cease operating when they could realize profit if they had more accurate information about the market's underlying demand structure.
- In cases where capacity is not flexible, negative WoM may be unavoidable; therefore it is crucial for service providers to keep advertisement levels compatible with actual quality of service to prevent overcrowding without considering quality.
- Understanding endogenous demand structures is important in making operational decisions for service providers. By monitoring customer perceptions through surveys or other methods, businesses can optimize their advertising strategies and capacity allocation for maximum profitability while maintaining high-quality services that meet customer expectations.
Abstract: Advancements in service sector and growing online platforms are intensifying the information exchange between customers through (electronic) word-of-mouth (WoM). The information obtained by WoM has shown to be a dominant factor in customers' purchase decisions creating an endogenous demand structure. Service providers can monitor how their service is perceived by consumers through different methods, for example surveys. Although this requires an additional effort, the understanding and integration of endogenous demand into operational decisions offer great benefits. In this paper, we study a service system where customers are sensitive to the on-demand access to the service. Customers form a perception based on the information obtained by WoM communication and the advertisement. Depending on the type of the service environment, service capacity can be flexible or constant. We consider two types of service providers: aware firm that has complete information on endogenous demand structure, and na\"ive firm that has partial information. Our focus is to understand the optimal advertisement and capacity decisions, and the value of information on the underlying demand. For firms that have flexible service capacity, we show that it is optimal to employ aggressive advertisement strategies in the early stages. Myopic naive firms often misinterpret the market conditions and cease operating, where they could in fact realize profit. For the cases where the capacity is not flexible, it may not be possible to avoid negative WoM. Therefore, the service provider is forced to keep the level of advertisements more compatible with the actual quality of the service. This prevents the firm from overcrowding the system through advertisement without considering the service quality.
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